引言：在 EB-5項(xiàng)目中，目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)(TEA)是衡量投資者投資額的重要條件。如果一個(gè) EB-5項(xiàng)目的新企業(yè)位于目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)，投資者的最低投資要求就可以從 100萬(wàn)美元下降到50萬(wàn)美元。但認(rèn)定目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)涉及許多因素，例如其所在地或者失業(yè)率。此外，認(rèn)定 EB-5投資所投向的這家新企業(yè)是否位于目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)，也取決于諸如其就業(yè)崗位創(chuàng)造地、資金使用地、主要營(yíng)業(yè)地等因素。因此，投資者在選擇 EB-5項(xiàng)目時(shí)，一定要聘請(qǐng)專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)以確保所投項(xiàng)目位于目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)，保證自己的投資符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，順利完成美國(guó)投資移民。

　　什么是目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)

　　作者： Lauren A. Cohen

　　來(lái)源： ILW.com Blogs

　　翻譯：兆龍移民(轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處)

　　One of the requirements of an EB-5 investor is to invest a certain amount of capital in a new commercial enterprise (NCE). The question is, what amount of capital does the investor need to invest? The answer depends on whether or not the NCE is in atargeted employment area (TEA).

　　EB-5投資移民的要求之一是向一家新企業(yè)(NCE)投資一定數(shù)量的資金。問(wèn)題在于，投資者需要向其投入多少資金?這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案，取決于這家新企業(yè)是否位于目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)(TEA)。

　　According to 8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5)(C)(i), the required capital investment amount is $1,000,000. However, 8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5)(C)(ii) and 8 C.F.R. § 204.6(f)(2), allows an exception where the NCE is in a targeted employment area. A “targeted employment area” is a rural area or an area experiencing unemployment of at least 150 percent of the national average rate.[1] “Rural area” is defined as outside of a Metropolitan Statistical Area, or the outer boundary of any city or town having a population of 20,000 or more (based on the most recent decennial census of the United States).[2]

　　根據(jù)8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5)(C)(i) 的規(guī)定， EB-的投資額最低要求為 100萬(wàn)美元。但是，如果這家新企業(yè)位于目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)，則 8 U.S.C. § 1153(b)(5)(C)(i)和 8 C.F.R. § 204.6(f)(2)允許其享受例外規(guī)定。 “目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)” 是指一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)或者一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)厥�業(yè)率超過(guò)國(guó)家平均水平 50%的地區(qū) [1]。而 “鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)” ，則是特指位于城市數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)區(qū)之外，或者位于任何一個(gè)有 2萬(wàn)以上人口的城鎮(zhèn)行政區(qū)劃之外的地區(qū)(人口數(shù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)基于美國(guó)最新的人口十年普查數(shù)據(jù))。 [2]

　　The reason why Congress added this exception was to encourage investors to create jobs in areas that have the greatest need. Logically, this would be in rural and areas of higher rates of unemployment. To qualify, the NCE must be considered to beprincipally doing business in this location. Several factors are examined to determine whether the NCE is principally doing business in that area, which include:

　　國(guó)會(huì)之所以允許這種例外規(guī)定，是想要鼓勵(lì)投資者在那些亟需就業(yè)崗位的地區(qū)創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。從邏輯上來(lái)說(shuō)，這些亟需就業(yè)崗位的地區(qū)便是上述所稱的鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)或高失業(yè)率地區(qū)。為了符合享受例外規(guī)定的條件，這家新企業(yè)的主要營(yíng)業(yè)地必須在目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)。而衡量新企業(yè)主要營(yíng)業(yè)地是否在目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)，則取決于以下因素：

　　(1)the location of any jobs directly created by the new commercial enterprise;

　　(1)新企業(yè)直接創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)崗位所在地;

　　(2)the location of any expenditure of capital related to the creation of jobs;

　　(2)用于創(chuàng)造就業(yè)崗位的資金使用地;

　　(3)where the new commercial enterprise conducts its day-to-day operation;

　　(3)新企業(yè)的日常管理地;

　　(4)where the new commercial enterprise maintains its assets that are utilized in the creation of jobs. Matter of Izummi, 22 I&N Dec. at 174[3].

　　(4)新企業(yè)所擁有的、用于創(chuàng)造就業(yè)崗位的資產(chǎn)所在地。 (Matter of Izummi, 22 I&N Dec. at 174, [3])

　　Another important item to note is that even if a Regional Center was previously designated as a TEA, this does not mean that it will automatically be approved as a TEA for all future investments. An investor must hire a professional Team which includes a qualified economist who can confirm that the NCE is still considered to be located in a TEA.

　　另一個(gè)值得關(guān)注的因素是，即使一個(gè)區(qū)域中心此前被認(rèn)定是目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)，也并不表示未來(lái)對(duì)這一區(qū)域中心所有的投資都將被認(rèn)定是對(duì)目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)的投資。因此，投資者一定要聘請(qǐng)包括經(jīng)濟(jì)專家在內(nèi)的專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，來(lái)確認(rèn)所投資的新企業(yè)是否被認(rèn)定為位于目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)。

　　Additionally, the investor may seek to have an area designated as a TEA. To do so, the following evidence will be required:

　　除此之外，投資者可能希望能將某個(gè)地區(qū)認(rèn)定為目標(biāo)就業(yè)區(qū)。為了達(dá)到這一目標(biāo)，需要提交以下證明材料：

　　(1)evidence that the area is outside of a metropolitan statistical area and outside of a city or town having a population of 20,000 or more;

　　(1)證明該地 位于城市數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)區(qū)之外，或者位于任何一個(gè)有 2萬(wàn)以上人口的城鎮(zhèn)行政區(qū)劃之外的材料;

　　(2)unemployment data for the relevant metropolitan statistical area or county; or

　　(2)與該地相關(guān)的城市或鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)區(qū)的失業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)。

　　[1]http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/8/1153

　　[2]Id

　　[3]http://www.justice.gov/eoir/vll/intdec/vol22/3360.pdf

　　來(lái)源：

　　http://blogs.ilw.com/entry.php?8382-What-is-a-Targeted-Employment-Area-By-Lauren-A-Cohen-Esq